Tram cairo kengzi energy storage

What is a hybrid energy storage system in Guangzhou Haizhu Tram?

The optimal HESS has less mass, size, cost and minimum charging state than original one in Guangzhou Haizhu tram. A hybrid energy storage system (HESS) of tram composed of different energy storage elements (ESEs) is gradually being adopted, leveraging the advantages of each ESE.

How to obtain optimal energy storage elements in Guangzhou Haizhu Tram?

An improved PSO algorithm with competition mechanism is developed for obtaining the optimal energy storage elements. The optimal HESS has less mass, size, cost and minimum charging state than original one in Guangzhou Haizhu tram.

What are energy storage systems in tramway applications?

Context and Motivation Energy storage systems in tramway applications aim to increase energy efficiency through adequate energy planning and control. Typically, storage systems for tramway installations encompass batteries and super-capacitors (SCs) , , .

Should rail vehicles have onboard energy storage systems?

However, the last decade saw an increasing interest in rail vehicles with onboard energy storage systems (OESSs) for improved energy efficiency and potential catenary-free operation. These vehicles can minimize costs by reducing maintenance and installation requirements of the electrified infrastructure.

Can real data be used to measure traction load in urban tramway installations?

The urban tramway installation placed at Cuenca, Ecuador, which is analysed in , is a clear example. It can be checked in this reference that real measured data of traction load for this installation is quite repetitive. In this paper, it is proposed to exploit this feature in order to reduce the amount of data to be treated.